comprises a vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings. Building at the complex began in the reign of Sesostris I in the Middle Kingdom and continued into the Ptolemaic period, although most of the extant buildings date from the New Kingdom. The area around Karnak was the main place of worship of the eighteenth dynasty Theban Triad with the god Amun as its head . It is part of the monumental city of Thebes.
The Karnak complex takes its name from the nearby, and partly surrounded, modern village of el-Karnak, some 2.5 km north of Luxor. The complex is a vast open-air museum and the largest ancient religious
site in the world. It is believed to be the second most visited
historical site in Egypt, second only to the Giza Pyramids near Cairo.It consists of four main parts of which only the largest is currently
open to the general public. The term Karnak often is understood as being
the Precinct of Amun-Re only, because this is the only part most
visitors normally see. The three other parts, the Precinct of Mut, the Precinct of Montu , and the dismantled Temple of Amenhotep IV ,
are closed to the public. There also are a few smaller temples and
sanctuaries located outside the enclosing walls of the four main parts,
as well as several avenues of goddesses and ram-headed Sphinxes connecting the Precinct of Mut, the Precinct of Amun-Re, and the Luxor Temple.
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